What type of software extends the capabilities of an operating system?

Utility software is specifically designed to extend the capabilities of an operating system by providing additional functionality that enhances performance, security, and user experience. Utility software can perform tasks such as file management, disk management, security functions (like antivirus and firewall features), and system optimization. By adding these features, utility software allows users to manage their systems more effectively and maintain optimal performance.

In contrast, hybrid software typically refers to applications that combine elements from different categories, rather than extending operating systems. Shells are command-line interfaces that allow users to interact with the operating system, but do not inherently extend it. Proprietary software refers to software owned by an individual or organization, which may or may not extend an operating system’s capabilities, but does not specifically denote software designed for that purpose.